基于离心沉积法的钙钛矿太阳能电池“材料−器件−性能”一体化综合实验

Centrifugal Deposition Method for Constructing an Integrated “Material-Device-Performance” Perovskite Solar Cell Experiment

  • 摘要: 针对传统钙钛矿太阳能电池制备过程中使用有毒溶剂、依赖手套箱操作等问题,本文构建了一套适用于本科实验教学的“材料−器件−性能”一体化综合实验项目。该实验以离心沉积法为核心成膜工艺,避免了有毒溶剂的使用,无需手套箱环境,提升了实验的安全性与可操作性。学生通过热注入法合成了短链烷基胺配体稳定的CsPbIxBr(3-x)钙钛矿纳米颗粒,并采用离心沉积制备薄膜,此外,学生还以碳为电极组装了器件;最后,学生利用XRD、SEM、PL等手段对材料结构与性能进行表征。在教师引导下,学生以小组协作方式完成从材料制备到性能测试的全流程实践,建立起宏观现象与微观机制之间的认知联系,提升数据分析与科学探究能力。

     

    Abstract: The conventional fabrication process of perovskite solar cells involves toxic solvents and requires glove box operation, which limits its application in undergraduate laboratory teaching. To address these challenges, this study proposes a comprehensive “material-device-performance” integrated experiment suitable for undergraduate education, utilizing centrifugal deposition as the core film-forming technique. This method avoids toxic solvents and eliminates the need for a glove box, thereby improving experimental safety and feasibility. Students synthesize CsPbIxBr(3-x) perovskite nanoparticles stabilized by short-chain alkylamine ligands via a hot-injection method, fabricate thin films through centrifugal deposition, and assemble devices using carbon electrodes. Material structure and device performance are characterized by XRD, SEM, and PL. Under instructor guidance, students work in groups to complete the entire experimental process—from material synthesis to performance evaluation—establishing a cognitive link between macroscopic phenomena and microscopic mechanisms, while enhancing their data analysis and scientific inquiry skills.

     

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