Abstract: Through the analysis of the problems existing in experimental teaching under the background of new business formats, combined with the development needs of the petroleum and natural gas engineering industry, new methods and pathways for experimental teaching reform are explored. In response to issues such as the independence of experimental projects, insufficient challenge, and disconnect from cutting-edge industry technologies, an independent experimental course system featuring “systematized knowledge, specialized content, and cutting-edge information” was established. This was achieved by changing the types of experimental projects, increasing the time for individual experimental projects, and enhancing virtual simulation experimental projects to improve the level of experimental project development. Innovative and diverse experimental teaching methods such as “internal cultivation and external expansion” teaching approaches, “LEGO-style” modular experimental teaching methods, and “progressive” problem-oriented teaching methods, as well as the reasonable improvement of experimental teaching aids and the establishment of a long-term teaching feedback mechanism, strengthened students’ innovation thinking and research abilities. Stricter examination and assessment of experimental processes and designs, as well as the improvement of assessment methods and incentive systems, have fostered students’ abilities for independent thinking and learning. The reform and practice of independent experimental course exploration teaching mode driven by new business formats effectively improves the quality and effectiveness of experimental teaching, further enhancing students’ innovative thinking and research abilities, and providing new ideas and methods for experimental teaching.