Abstract: With the rapid development of education in China, the national investment in scientific research at universities has increased year by year, and the number of teaching and scientific research laboratories in universities has grown rapidly. As a result, laboratory safety issues have become a focus and difficult point of management. To deeply explore the overall patterns and internal causes of safety accidents in university laboratories, this paper analyzes 42 laboratory safety accidents that occurred between 2015 and 2024. The “2-4” model from accident causation theory is applied to analyze the unsafe behaviors and root causes involved in these accidents. Given the current situation of laboratory safety work, this paper proposes countermeasures from a laboratory-level management perspective to enhance its efficacy. These measures, encompassing hazard identification, grid-based responsibility management and customized safety education and training, digital and intelligent empowerment for whole-process supervision, and the building of a laboratory safety culture, are expected to provide insights and references for laboratory safety management in universities.