Abstract: As a strategic resource of the scientific and technological innovation system in universities, large-scale scientific research instruments play a vital role in promoting disciplinary development and cultivating outstanding talents. To address the problems commonly existing in college-level large-scale instruments in Chinese universities, such as unbalanced utilization, low sharing rates, and a shortage of operation and maintenance funds, this study proposes an integrated governance framework of “standardized management-resource sharing-cost sharing” under the guidance of the “Double First-Class” construction strategy. Based on the OTO (online to offline) mode, an intelligent instrument sharing platform at the college level was constructed and validated at the College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University. The results show that the effective annual usage time of platform equipment increased by 52% (reaching 2000 hours), the self-sufficiency rate of maintenance funds increased from 58% to 90%, the interdisciplinary sharing rate increased from 9% to 37%, and management efficiency increased by 45%. This operation mechanism provides a reference and paradigm for large-scale instrument management in universities.