Abstract: This study explores how local universities specializing in finance, economics, and law can optimize the allocation mechanism of experimental teaching resources within the context of advancing disciplinary governance modernization. It aims to address practical challenges such as the mismatch between resource supply and demand, sharing barriers, and low performance, thereby improving the quality of interdisciplinary talent cultivation. Through theoretical analysis, a logical framework of “Objective–Structure–Process–Effectiveness” was constructed. Using a case study approach, the research conducts an in-depth analysis of the current state and root causes of resource allocation. A “Four-in-One” collaborative configuration model was developed, centered on a multi-stakeholder decision-making mechanism, an open and shared operational mechanism, a scientifically precise regulatory mechanism, and a closed-loop management-based evaluation mechanism. The fundamental approach lies in systematically aligning the resource allocation mechanism with the requirements of disciplinary governance modernization. Through the case study of Henan University of Economics and Law, this model has been validated for its effectiveness and feasibility in breaking down disciplinary barriers, enhancing resource efficiency, and advancing teaching reform, thereby providing a viable solution for optimizing the allocation of experimental teaching resources. This study provides a theoretical foundation and practical pathway for peer institutions to pursue connotative development and strengthen their distinctive integration of finance, economics, and legal studies.