Abstract: To accurately assess the teaching safety status in mechanics laboratories, it is necessary to first establish an effective safety indicator system. Using literature analysis and considering typical safety hazards in laboratories, a teaching safety indicator system was constructed. Reliability and validity tests, along with factor analysis, were employed for verification, and targeted countermeasures and recommendations were proposed. The study shows that the teaching safety in university mechanics laboratories can be structured with 7 secondary indicators and 22 tertiary indicators. All secondary indicators have an α reliability coefficient greater than 0.7, indicating good consistency. Exploratory factor analysis reveals that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the 7 factors is 71.839%, indicating a reasonable structure. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrates excellent model fit, with composite reliability (CR>0.7), convergent validity (AVE>0.5), and discriminant validity all meeting the required standards. This validates the indicator system as reasonable and well-structured, providing a reliable framework for future assessment and research on safety in university mechanics laboratory teaching.