Abstract: Laboratory construction planning, operation management and test technology are important guarantees for the performance indicators of field emission transmission electron microscopes. Due to the harsh environmental requirements for installation and operation of electron microscope, processing schemes for interference factors of electromagnetic wave, vibration, noise, fluctuation and others are implemented in the process of construction planning. At present, based on the concept of openly sharing of large-scale instruments, previous research and practice, the electron microscope laboratory adopts an integrated management mode of teaching-assistance-research. The personnel ratio and time arrangement are optimized on the premise of the performance guarantee of instrument. In addition, the sample preparation method, as a part of test technology, has a great influence on effectiveness of electron microscope analysis, that is, samples of different types need to apply different preparation methods. Therefore, reasonable laboratory designing and planning, complete hardware and software supporting, standard test operation, strict and rigorous management, and timely maintenance process are extremely important for the long-term stability of electron microscope laboratory.