Abstract: To address the common problems in practical teaching—disconnection between teaching content and industrial demands, lack of innovation in practice projects, and insufficient achievement transformation mechanisms—this paper proposes a five-dimensional integrated practical teaching model based on PKIDO for industry-education-competition integration. The PKIDO model consists of five interconnected dimensions: Problem-driven (P), Knowledge integration (K), Innovative design (I), Development practice (D), and Optimization iteration (O), forming a closed-loop cultivation mechanism from industrial demand introduction to teaching feedback iteration. Taking the course “Innovative Practice of Big Data Application in IoT” as a carrier, a four-stage progressive teaching path of “theoretical instruction—experimental training—project design—competition transformation” is constructed. The five-year teaching practice involving more than 130 students shows that the model effectively enhances students’ engineering practice ability and innovation literacy, with 44 innovative projects completed and over 13 provincial or ministerial-level competition awards received. The PKIDO model provides a transferable practical path for the reform of industry-education-competition integration in experimental practice courses under the background of emerging engineering education.