Abstract: In response to the requirements of the Ministry of Education’s Measures for the Hierarchical and Classified Management of Laboratory Safety in Higher Education Institutions (Trial), a safety hierarchical access training system tailored to the characteristics of materials science laboratories is constructed to address frequent safety accidents, inadequate training systems, and imprecise hierarchical access in such laboratories. Adopting a combined method of literature research, demand analysis and system design, a three-level modular curriculum covering basic general knowledge, professional operation and accident emergency response is established, differentiated credit standards for hierarchical access are formulated, and an automatic mapping management system of “QR code-risk level-credit gap” is developed. Pilot application results show that the system standardizes personnel access procedures, improves the coverage of safety training, and effectively reduces potential safety hazards and accident rates in materials science laboratories.