机械压力机教学实验平台机构的优化设计

Optimal Design of Mechanical Press Mechanism for Experiment Teaching

  • 摘要: 该文选取新型肘杆式机械压力机机构为教学实验平台并对其进行了优化设计。利用复数矢量法建立了机构的运动学模型,得到了滑块的位移、速度和加速度表达式。基于运动学模型,以工作段内滑块最大速度最小和波动量最小为设计目标,建立了机构的优化模型,采用遗传算法对优化模型进行了求解。与初始数据相比,优化后压力机机构在工作段的速度低而均匀,最大位移、拉伸角、急回特性及最大加速度等得到了明显改善,达到了设计要求。

     

    Abstract: A novel toggle type of mechanical press mechanism for experiment teaching was optimized. The kinematic model of the mechanical press was established by the complex vector method. By doing so, expressions of the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a slider were deduced. According to the kinematic model, the optimization model of the mechanism was obtained by the genetic algorithm for minimizing the top speed and velocity fluctuation during the operating stroke. The working velocity of the press was low and uniform. Compared with the original data, the maximum displacement, stretch angle, quick return characteristic, and maximum acceleration have been improved after optimization, which proves that the design requirements have been achieved.

     

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