Abstract: The research of magnesium alloy has become increasingly popular in recent years. But the active chemical properties have brought hidden dangers to the laboratory safety. This paper analyzes the essential causes of accidents related to magnesium alloy and discusses the ways to scientifically construct and effectively manage the safety of magnesium alloy laboratories from the aspects of safety prevention, scientific design of laboratory layout, formulation of safety management system and improvement of laboratory access system in combination with the safety management experience of National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, to prevent accidents in advance.