Abstract: Acoustic measurement technology is widely used in coastal defense, oil and gas exploration, landform imaging, and shipwreck exploration. At the same time, the course is one of the key theoretical and experimental teaching contents for nurture talent in the fields of marine technology, marine surveying and mapping, and marine science. The transducers (transmitter and receiver) and different types of 3D virtual models required by the experimental system are designed by SolidWorks. The virtual experiment scene is constructed by V-Ray, artificial intelligence, and other multimedia technology. Based on the theory of planar element method and finite element method of COMSOL acoustic-structure coupling model in frequency domain, the acoustic scattering field of different targets is simulated. The simulation system can help students to understand the system structure, basic principle of echo, characteristic analysis method, and application fields of underwater target acoustic testing. The virtual simulation experiment is demonstrated by 3D micro-video, which can be used not only to assist teaching and improve students’ deep cognition of underwater target testing technology, but also to popularize science education of sonar technology for common people. The system integrated with the scientific research of underwater acoustic engineering, the cultivation of talents and the service of society. The research results play an important role in expanding the influence and coverage of underwater acoustic technology, and provide a reference for the innovation and development of target detection technology.