自动驾驶车辆换道虚拟仿真实验平台开发

Development of Virtual Simulation Experiment Platform for Lane Changing of Autonomous Vehicle

  • 摘要: 针对当前自动驾驶车辆虚拟仿真实验教学平台稀缺的问题,开发了用户界面友好、仿真直观的自动驾驶车辆换道虚拟仿真实验平台。首先,基于MATLAB GUI完成平台人机界面设计,自主设置不同车型、参数、工况;选取换道决策方法、轨迹规划方法和跟踪控制方法。其次,基于Simulink/CarSim搭建换道模型,完成参数设置、仿真流程。最后,根据仿真结果进行换道效果分析。结果表明:基于多项式的换道轨迹光滑平整、曲率连续;基于模型预测控制的跟踪控制方法误差小、精度高、稳定性好。自动驾驶车辆虚拟仿真实验平台原理清晰、仿真分析直观,能较好地提升学生的自动驾驶控制算法开发能力与创新能力。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the scarcity of virtual simulation experiment teaching platform for autonomous vehicles, a virtual simulation experiment platform for lane changing of autonomous vehicles with friendly user interface and intuitive simulation is developed. Firstly, the human-machine interface design of the platform was completed based on MATLAB GUI, and different models, parameters and working conditions were set independently; lane change decision-making method, trajectory planning method and tracking control method were selected. Secondly, the lane change model was built based on Simulink/CarSim to set parameters and simulate the process. Finally, the effect of lane changing was analyzed according to the simulation results. The results show that the trajectory of lane change based on polynomial is smooth, and the curvature is continuous. The tracking control method based on model predictive control has the advantages of small error, high precision and good stability. The principle of the virtual simulation experiment platform of autonomous vehicle is clear and the simulation analysis is intuitive, which can better improve the students’ autonomous driving control algorithm development ability and innovation ability.

     

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