Abstract: Microplastics (MPs), as an emerging pollutant, have the characteristics of small size, difficulty degradation, and persistence. Moreover, their surface properties are easily affected by environmental conditions, making them a vane for the migration of other pollutants in the environment, causing potential ecological and environmental risks. This paper taking Nanhu Lake in Wuhan as an example, the sediment samples on the shore of Nanhu Lake were collected through systematic distribution. The abundance, morphology, color, and composition of microplastics in sediments were identified by optical microscopy and FTIR, and the main sources of microplastics were analyzed. The study takes microplastic, an emerging environmental pollutant, as the research object, integrates basic teaching and scientific research hotspots, which is comprehensive, applicable and exploratory. The study is conducive to cultivating students' innovative and practical ability and scientific research literacy.