热中子活化法测量放射性核素半衰期 实验教学研究

Experimental Teaching Research on Measuring the Half-Life of Radionuclides by the Thermal Neutron Activation Method

  • 摘要: 半衰期是放射性核素重要特征量之一,针对目前国内核专业高校在半衰期测量实验教学方面的不足,优化了一种通过热中子活化法测量放射性核素半衰期的教学实验。该文介绍了相关实验原理,选择了合适的中子活化元素,制备了活化样品并搭建了实验平台,实验测到的116mIn、108Ag和110Ag核素的半衰期与国际核数据库推荐值误差均在5%以内。指出了该实验活化片厚度、活化时间、测量间隔时间等关键参数选择以及学生在操作该实验过程中的注意事项,可为其他高校开设半衰期测量实验教学提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Half-life is one of the important characteristic quantities of radionuclides. In view of the current deficiencies in the experimental teaching of half-life measurement for nuclear majors in domestic universities, a teaching experiment for measuring the half-life of radionuclides through thermal neutron activation method has been optimized. The relevant experimental principles are introduced, including selecting suitable neutron activation elements, preparing activated samples, and establishing an experimental platform. The measurement data of the half-lives of 116mIn, 108Ag, and 110Ag nuclides obtained from the experiment have an error of less than 5% compared with the recommended values of the International Nuclear Database. At the same time, the selection of key parameters such as the thickness of the activated sheet, activation time, and measurement interval in the experiment, as well as the precautions for students in operating the experiment, are pointed out, which can provide reference for teaching half-life measurement experiments in other universities.

     

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