Abstract: In order to solve the problems in teaching of professional background courses, such as difficulty in grasping the integration of theoretical teaching and equipment cases, difficulty in establishing the correlation between theory and practice in existing experimental plans, and singularity in evaluating the effectiveness of experimental teaching, a virtual experimental system for automatic control principles with missile control as a case background is constructed. The design concept of this virtual experimental system is based on the course of “Automatic Control Principles”, which applies the principle of constructivism and follows the idea of “intuitive introduction, layer by layer progressive, high-order synthesis”. It realizes the process of cultivating practical engineering skills through virtual experiments. By applying this experimental system to teaching practice, students are able to fully understand and proficiently apply the application technology of control theory in equipment installation through the study of equipment examples, which better cultivates their ability to transform theory into practice. The construction and application of this system have good reference value for the construction of virtual experiments in this type of professional background courses.