Abstract: In order to deepen the reform of undergraduate teaching, it is proposed to open a comprehensive experiment on “the adsorption and decolorization effect of Pleurotus ostreatus strains on dyes” in the environmental microbiology experiment course. Based on the previous experiment to complete the cultivation of nameko mushroom strains, the formed bacteria were weighed to carry out the dye decolorization experiment. The adsorption and decolorization process of the strain on the dye was analyzed by measuring the absorbance and Zeta potential of the dye solution and observing the color changes of the bacteria surface/cross-section. The results showed that the decolorization effects of nameko mushroom strains on different dyes were significantly different, and the removal rate of 10 mg/L BL blue dye could reach 93.06%. By comparing the bacterial surface/cross-section images at different treatment times, the adsorption and diffusion process of the dye inside the bacteria is intuitively presented. Dyes with high electronegativity are more tightly bound to the bacteria and have better decolorization effects. This experimental design can not only cultivate students' basic operational level, but also enable students to fully understand the application of microorganisms in water treatment. It is of great significance for cultivating senior professionals with both scientific research spirit and practical ability.