Abstract: As a scientific and technological innovation base in universities, the key laboratory is an important carrier for the use and sharing of large-scale instruments. Using SWOT analysis, this paper analyzes the internal strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities, and challenges of open sharing of large-scale instruments, and proposes four path strategies to promote open sharing: integrating internal resources into the external environment; improving internal management to seize external opportunities; utilizing one’s own advantages to cope with external challenges; overcoming management difficulties to reverse external disadvantages. Corresponding work measures are proposed for each path, aiming to provide ideas for optimizing the management of large-scale instruments in key laboratories, improving instrument efficiency, and enhancing the effectiveness of open sharing.