Abstract: As a scientific and technological innovation base in universities, the key laboratory is an important carrier for the use and sharing of large-scale instruments. Using SWOT analysis, this paper analyzes the internal strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities, and challenges of open sharing of large-scale instruments are analyzed, and four path strategies to promote open sharing are proposed, namely, integrating internal resources into the external environment; improving internal management to seize external opportunities, utilizing one’s own advantages to cope with external challenges, and overcoming management difficulties to reverse external disadvantages. Furthermore, corresponding work measures are proposed for each path, aiming to provide ideas for optimizing the management of large-scale instruments in key laboratories, improving instrument efficiency, and enhancing the effectiveness of open sharing.