Abstract: Scientific research laboratories are crucial for universities to conduct innovative research, playing a significant role in advancing industrial development and fostering the emergence of new quality productive forces. The field of materials science exemplifies a discipline driven by research, where the safe and consistent operation of its scientific research laboratories is vital for the field’s sustainable development. Addressing typical safety management challenges in materials scientific research laboratories at domestic universities, the School of Materials of Shandong University has adopted practical measures in light of the new situation in the materials field, including implementing the responsibility system, improving the management system, perfecting the management institution, cultivating the educational culture, enhancing the governance capacity to ensure the safety and efficiency of laboratory research activities. The successful implementation of these safety management strategies has led to years of safe and effective operation in the college’s research laboratories, which could offer a certain practical reference value for improving safety management in materials research laboratories across other universities.