Abstract: Scientific research laboratories are crucial for universities to conduct innovative research, playing a significant role in advancing industrial development and fostering the emergence of new quality productive forces. The field of materials science and engineering exemplifies a discipline driven by research, where the safe and consistent operation of research laboratories is vital for the field’s sustainable development. Addressing typical safety management challenges in materials research laboratories within domestic universities, the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Shandong University, in response to the new era in the field, has implemented a series of practical measures. These measures include implementing a responsibility system, refining management regulations, enhancing the management framework, cultivating a culture of safety education, and strengthening governance capacity, all to ensure the safety and orderliness of laboratory research activities. The results show that through these strategies, the school’s research laboratories have maintained years of safe and stable operation, providing a practical reference for the safety management of similar laboratories at other universities.