Abstract: This study aims to construct a virtual simulation teaching system for temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and explore its application effect in the experimental teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data from TMD patients were collected and the virtual simulation system was developed using the Unity platform and Visual Studio. The system consists of three major modules: typical models of joint disorders, joint lavage procedures, and knowledge assessments. Results of questionnaire surveys and theoretical examinations indicate that the virtual simulation teaching system can improve students’ learning interest and initiative in TMD experimental teaching, enhance the effectiveness of theoretical knowledge learning, and promote the cultivation of clinical thinking and operational skills, providing innovative technical support for experimental teaching in oral and maxillofacial surgery.