Abstract: With the application and development of nuclear science, the use of radioactive sources in teaching and research experiments in universities is constantly increasing. The safety of radioactive sources is an important part of the safety management of radioactive laboratories. The radioactive source library is the place to store radioactive sources, so it is important to strengthen the physical and technical prevention construction of the radioactive source library for the safety management of the radioactive source. This paper mainly introduces the innovative exploration and practice of the nuclear engineering and nuclear technology laboratory of Sichuan University in the construction and safety management of radiation source repositories. Through the construction of a radiation source storage and monitoring platform, dose monitoring and safety interlocking system, and source repository security system, a comprehensive “four in one” monitoring system for online radiation dose monitoring, remote video monitoring, intelligent inspection, and key link alarms of radiation sources has been achieved. We have achieved a shift in radiation source control from focusing on “civil defense” to focusing on “technical defense”. This will provide reference for other radioactive laboratories.