Abstract: Synthetic biology laboratory is an important platform for the research of synthetic biology technology. Its design and construction are crucial to the whole process of synthetic biology research. Based on the characteristics of synthetic biology research, the layout design principles and requirements of synthetic biology laboratory and the safety of people and objects interaction scenarios within the laboratory are analyzed and discussed in this paper. The application of design theory of laboratory layout is demonstrated with several engineering examples. It provides some reference for the design and construction of similar synthetic biology laboratories in the future, and promotes the development of this discipline.