Abstract: The synthetic biology laboratory is an important platform for advancing research in synthetic biology technology. Its design and construction are crucial to the entire research process of synthetic biology. Based on the fundamental characteristics of synthetic biology research, this paper explores the principles and features of spatial layout in synthetic biology laboratories, analyzes personnel-material interaction scenarios along with their safety considerations, and examines the overall circulation design of such laboratories. The application of spatial layout theory for synthetic biology laboratories in practical projects is illustrated through specific engineering case studies. This work provides a valuable reference for the design and construction of similar synthetic biology laboratories in the future and aims to promote the development of related disciplines.