Abstract: The Wheatstone bridge is an important component of university physics experiments. In response to the current demands for reform in practical physics experiment teaching, this paper analyzes the principles of temperature and pressure measurement using unbalanced Wheatstone bridges and modern sensor detection technology. It proposes an experimental teaching device for temperature and pressure testing based on unbalanced Wheatstone bridges, which achieves precise measurement of temperature and pressure and enhances the quality of experimental teaching. The experiment calibrated the linear equation of voltage and temperature as y = 0.7094x + 1.8223 (R²= 0.9998 > 0.9990), with a relative error of less than 0.31% for sample temperature measurement. It also calibrated the linear equation of voltage and pressure as y = 21.742x − 6.7311 (R² = 1 > 0.9990), with a relative error of less than 1.00% for weight pressure measurement. The results show that this device integrates a high-precision temperature control system in temperature sensing experiments, enabling precise control and measurement within the range of 20 ℃ to 80 ℃. In pressure sensing experiments, it uses a full-bridge design to eliminate experimental errors caused by environmental factors such as temperature, achieving precise pressure measurement. This device can be applied in experimental teaching, providing a feasible solution for cultivating innovative, compound, and applied talents.