富锂锰基正极的电化学改性教学实验设计

Experimental Design for Electrochemical Modification of Lithium-rich Manganese-based Cathodes

  • 摘要: 富锂锰基正极材料因其高放电比容量(>250 mAhg−1)而备受关注,被认为是最有潜力的锂离子电池正极材料之一。在电化学储能材料教学实验中,引导学生设计合理的修饰改性方案,有助于培养学生解决富锂锰基材料在长期循环过程中所面临瓶颈问题的能力,包括过渡金属离子的不可逆迁移、晶格氧的不可逆缺失以及充放电过程中层状相易转化为尖晶石相的问题。这些问题导致了首圈库伦效率低、循环和倍率性能差、比容量及电压迅速下降等负面影响,限制了富锂锰基材料在实际应用中的表现。为了克服上述问题,本设计采用元素掺杂手段制备出具有优异电化学性能的改性富锂锰基材料。该教学实验设计将学科前沿的新材料引入到实际的教学实践环节,紧密结合锂离子正极材料的热点话题,实现了传统课程与学科前沿的有机结合,提升了学生的理论知识面和科研素养。

     

    Abstract: Li-rich manganese-based cathode materials have attracted much attention due to their high specific discharge capacity (>250 mAhg−1), and are considered to be one of the most potential cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In the teaching experiment of electrochemical energy storage materials, guiding students to design a reasonable modification scheme is helpful to train students' ability to solve the bottleneck problems faced by lithium-rich manganese-based materials in the long-term cycle, including the irreversible migration of transition metal ions, the irreversible loss of lattice oxygen, and the problem that the intermediate phase is easily transformed into spinel phase during charge and discharge. These problems lead to negative effects such as low coulomb efficiency in the first circle, poor cycle and rate performance, rapid decline of specific capacity and voltage, etc., which limits the performance of Li-Mn-based materials in practical applications. In order to overcome the above problems, the modified Li-rich manganese-based materials with excellent electrochemical properties were prepared by means of element doping. The teaching experiment design introduces the new materials at the forefront of the subject into the actual teaching practice, closely combines the hot topics of lithium ion cathode materials, realizes the organic combination of traditional courses and the frontier of the subject, and improves students' theoretical knowledge and scientific research literacy.

     

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