Abstract: For researching active-passive synergic retrievals of vegetation canopy structure parameters,a ground-based observation has been carried out on different topography and different vegetation types,in which the light detection and ranging(LiDAR)and hyperspectral data of typical vegetation are collected from different locations and angles. Meanwhile,a variety of canopy structure parameters are measured. The overall results of this experiment form a synchronous observation data set on the ground,corresponding to the flight data. The specific objectives and experimental design are introduced,including sampling plot selection,observation station setting,active-passive data acquisition,and auxiliary data measurement. The main experimental experience is also summarized,which is of important guiding significance for professional research and educational practices in the field of remote sensing.