Abstract: In order to improve students’ ability of innovation and entrepreneurship through the teaching of microbiology experiments, a microbiology experiment teaching system of “experimental operation unit - small experiment - experimental technology system - systematic experiments - design experiments ” was constructed. Each part of the system was analyzed in detail, and the significance of the system in microbiology experiment teaching was expounded. Through a small-scale experiment in the laboratory, the system demonstrates a significant effect on improving the system learning concept of students’ microbiology experiments.